Park city leads the way of urban development and innovation in China
Abstract
Cities have been the cradle of human civilization, with ongoing efforts to achieve the ideal city. Park cities prioritize “public” and “fair” principles in urban governance, emphasizing people-centered and livable spaces. This paper explores research hotspots and trends in park city evolution to support sustainable spatial planning. Analyzing 2278 articles covering country cooperation, research topics, and practices, the initial focus is on eco-city development, shifting towards ecological restoration and sustainable cities. Research focuses on urban gardens, ecological/cultural services, green spaces, and spiritual comfort. China’s park city construction faces challenges in spatial patterns, ecological functions, and human settlement, requiring attention in planning and management. More data, methods, and experiences are needed to inform science-policy planning in urban management, advancing sustainable pathways for people and nature.
Keyword : park city, urban ecosystem, CiteSpace, sustainable city, bibliometric analysis
How to Cite
Bai, X., & Sadia, S. (2023). Park city leads the way of urban development and innovation in China. Journal of Environmental Engineering and Landscape Management, 31(4), 240–247. https://doi.org/10.3846/jeelm.2023.20047
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
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Mu, Y. X., Lin, W. Y., Diao, X. L., Zhang, Z., Wang, J., Lu, Z. J., Guo, W. C., Wang, Y., Hu, C. X., & Zhao, C. Y. (2022). Implementation of the visual aesthetic quality of slope forest autumn color change into the configuration of tree species. Scientific Reports, 12(1), 1034. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-04317-1
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Schipperijn, J., Ekholm, O., Stigsdotter, U. K., Toftager, M., Bentsen, P., Kamper-Jørgensen, F., & Randrup, T. B. (2010). Factors influencing the use of green space: Results from a Danish national representative survey. Landscape and Urban Planning, 95(3), 130–137. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2009.12.010
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Trujillo, C. M., & Long, T. M. (2018). Document co-citation analysis to enhance transdisciplinary research. Science Advances, 4(1), 9. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1701130
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Vallecillo, S., La Notte, A., Zulian, G., Ferrini, S., & Maes, J. (2019). Ecosystem services accounts: Valuing the actual flow of nature-based recreation from ecosystems to people. Ecological Modelling, 392, 196–211. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2018.09.023
Wang, Z. F., Xu, M., Lin, H. W., Qureshi, S., Cao, A., & Ma, Y. J. (2021). Understanding the dynamics and factors affecting cultural ecosystem services during urbanization through spatial pattern analysis and a mixed-methods approach. Journal of Cleaner Production, 279, 123422. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.123422
Xue, C. L., Zheng, X. Q., Zhang, B., & Yuan, Z. Y. (2015). Evolution of a multidimensional architectural landscape under urban regeneration: A case study of Jinan, China. Ecological Indicators, 55, 12–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2015.02.036
Yang, M. M., & Zhang, Y. L. (2020). Research on the path of multi-party co-operation in park city under the background of the new era. Urbanism and Architecture, 17(6), 141–144. https://doi.org/10.19892/j.cnki.csjz.2020.06.047
Yang, R. Y., & Yang, W. Y. (2021). Characteristics and enlightenment of American park system planning and management. Chinese Landscape Architecture, 37(6), 82–86.
Yang, Z., Mao, P., He, Y. X., Ju, P. J., Huang, S. L., Feng, Y., Chen, H., & Wu, N. (2022). Hot topics and research trends on park city: Based on bibliometrics analysis. Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology, (04), 1084–1093. https://doi.org/10.19675/j.cnki.1006-687x.2021.12040
Zhang, J. G., Yu, Z. W., & Zhao, B. (2021). Impact of mechanism of urban green spaces in promoting public health: Theoretical framework and inspiration for practical experiences. Landscape Architecture Frontiers, 8(4), 104–113. https://doi.org/10.15302/J-LAF-1-030019
Zhang, Z. Y., Ma, G. Q., Lin, X., & Dai, H. Y. (2023). Accessibility in a multiple transport mode urban park based on the “D-D” model: A case study in park city, Chengdu. Cities, 134, 104191. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2023.104191
Zhao, L., Xu, N., & Zhang, W. (2021). Progress, hotspot and frontier of digital twin research in China: Knowledge atlas analysis based on CNKI core journal database. Experimental Technology and Management, 38(11), 96–104. https://doi.org/10.16791/j.cnki.sjg.2021.11.019
Zupic, I., & Cater, T. (2015). Bibliometric methods in management and organization. Organizational Research Methods, 18(3), 429–472. https://doi.org/10.1177/1094428114562629
Bottero, M., Caprioli, C., Foth, M., Mitchell, P., Rittenbruch, M., & Santangelo, M. (2022). Urban parks, value uplift and green gentrification: An application of the spatial hedonic model in the city of Brisbane. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 74, 127618. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2022.127618
Botzat, A., Fischer, L. K., & Kowarik, I. (2016). Unexploited opportunities in understanding liveable and biodiverse cities. A review on urban biodiversity perception and valuation. Global Environmental Change, 39, 220–233. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2016.04.008
Breuste, J., & Quereshi, S. (2011). Urban sustainability, urban ecology and the society for urban ecology. Urban Ecosystems, 14(3), 313–317. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11252-011-0186-3
Chen, C. M. (2020). A glimpse of the first eight months of COVID-19 literature on Microsoft Academic Graph: Themes, citation contexts, and uncertainties. Frontiers in Research Metrics and Analytics, 5, 607286. https://doi.org/10.3389/frma.2020.607286
Chen, C. M., & Song, M. (2019). Visualizing a field of research: A methodology of systematic scientometric reviews. Plos One, 14(10), e0223994. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0223994
Clark, B. D. (1967). Garden cities of tomorrow by Ebenezer Howard. Urban Studies, 4(1), 88–88. https://doi.org/10.1080/00420986720080111
Cohen, P., Potchter, O., & Schnell, I. (2014). The impact of an urban park on air pollution and noise levels in the Mediterranean city of Tel-Aviv, Israel. Environmental Pollution, 195, 73–83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2014.08.015
Dade, M. C., Mitchell, M. G. E., Brown, G., & Rhodes, J. R. (2020). The effects of urban greenspace characteristics and socio-demographics vary among cultural ecosystem services. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 49, 126641. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2020.126641
Geneletti, D., Cortinovis, C., Zardo, L., & Adem Esmail, B. (2020). Planning for ecosystem services in cities. Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20024-4
Green, O. O., Garmestani, A. S., Albro, S., Ban, N. C., Berland, A., Burkman, C. E., Gardiner, M. M., Gunderson, L., Hopton, M. E., Schoon, M. L., & Shuster, W. D. (2016). Adaptive governance to promote ecosystem services in urban green spaces. Urban Ecosystems, 19(1), 77–93. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11252-015-0476-2
Han, R. N., Wang, K. P., Zhang, Y. L., & Li, X. (2021). The road of green and high-quality urban development since the reform and opening up: Historical logic and development path of the concept of park city in the new era. Urban Studies, 28(5), 28–34.
Huang, K. H., Luo, W. J., Zhang, W. W., & Li, J. H. (2022). Characteristics and problems of smart city development in China. Smart Cities, 4(4), 1403–1419. https://doi.org/10.3390/smartcities4040074
Huang, S., Wang, C., Deng, M., & Chen, Y. (2023). Coupling coordination between park green space (PGS) and socioeconomic deprivation (SED) in high-density city based on multi-scale: From environmental justice perspective. Land, 12(1), 82. https://doi.org/10.3390/land12010082
Ishikawa, N., & Fukushige, M. (2012). Effects of street landscape planting and urban public parks on dwelling environment evaluation in Japan. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 11(4), 390–395. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2012.08.001
Kabisch, N., Kraemer, R., Masztalerz, O., Hemmerling, J., Puffel, C., & Haase, D. (2021). Impact of summer heat on urban park visitation, perceived health and ecosystem service appreciation. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 60, 127058. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2021.127058
Kraemer, R., & Kabisch, N. (2021). Parks in context: Advancing citywide spatial quality assessments of urban green spaces using fine-scaled indicators. Ecology and Society, 26(2), 45. https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-12485-260245
Liu, Y. L., Zhang, Q. P., Zheng, S. J., & Li, X. C. (2021). Research and prospect of park city in China based on bibliometric analysis. Landscape, 38(11), 70–76. https://doi.org/10.12193/j.laing.2021.11.0070.010
Liu, Y. Z., Yang, R. J., Sun, M. Y., Zhang, L., Li, X. H., Meng, L. Y., Wang, Y. Z., & Liu, Q. (2022). Regional sustainable development strategy based on the coordination between ecology and economy: A case study of Sichuan Province, China. Ecological Indicators, 134, 108445. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2021.108445
Lo, A. Y., & Jim, C. Y. (2010). Willingness of residents to pay and motives for conservation of urban green spaces in the compact city of Hong Kong. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 9(2), 113–120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2010.01.001
Mu, Y. X., Lin, W. Y., Diao, X. L., Zhang, Z., Wang, J., Lu, Z. J., Guo, W. C., Wang, Y., Hu, C. X., & Zhao, C. Y. (2022). Implementation of the visual aesthetic quality of slope forest autumn color change into the configuration of tree species. Scientific Reports, 12(1), 1034. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-04317-1
Mullenbach, L. E. (2022). Critical discourse analysis of urban park and public space development. Cities, 120, 103458. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2021.103458
Savard, J.-P. L., Clergeau, P., & Mennechez, G. (2000). Biodiversity concepts and urban ecosystems. Landscape and Urban Planning, 48(3–4), 131–142. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-2046(00)00037-2
Schipperijn, J., Ekholm, O., Stigsdotter, U. K., Toftager, M., Bentsen, P., Kamper-Jørgensen, F., & Randrup, T. B. (2010). Factors influencing the use of green space: Results from a Danish national representative survey. Landscape and Urban Planning, 95(3), 130–137. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2009.12.010
Scholte, S. S. K., van Teeffelen, A. J. A., & Verburg, P. H. (2015). Integrating socio-cultural perspectives into ecosystem service valuation: A review of concepts and methods. Ecological Economics, 114, 67–78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2015.03.007
Smith, N., Georgiou, M., King, A. C., Tieges, Z., Webb, S., & Chastin, S. (2021). Urban blue spaces and human health: A systematic review and meta-analysis of quantitative studies. Cities, 119, 103413. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2021.103413
Trujillo, C. M., & Long, T. M. (2018). Document co-citation analysis to enhance transdisciplinary research. Science Advances, 4(1), 9. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1701130
UN-Habitat. (2020). The new urban agenda. https://unhabitat.org/about-us/new-urban-agenda
United Nations General Assembly. (2018, May). Towards a global pact for the environment (UN DocA/RES/72/277). https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/1486477?ln=en
Vallecillo, S., La Notte, A., Zulian, G., Ferrini, S., & Maes, J. (2019). Ecosystem services accounts: Valuing the actual flow of nature-based recreation from ecosystems to people. Ecological Modelling, 392, 196–211. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2018.09.023
Wang, Z. F., Xu, M., Lin, H. W., Qureshi, S., Cao, A., & Ma, Y. J. (2021). Understanding the dynamics and factors affecting cultural ecosystem services during urbanization through spatial pattern analysis and a mixed-methods approach. Journal of Cleaner Production, 279, 123422. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.123422
Xue, C. L., Zheng, X. Q., Zhang, B., & Yuan, Z. Y. (2015). Evolution of a multidimensional architectural landscape under urban regeneration: A case study of Jinan, China. Ecological Indicators, 55, 12–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2015.02.036
Yang, M. M., & Zhang, Y. L. (2020). Research on the path of multi-party co-operation in park city under the background of the new era. Urbanism and Architecture, 17(6), 141–144. https://doi.org/10.19892/j.cnki.csjz.2020.06.047
Yang, R. Y., & Yang, W. Y. (2021). Characteristics and enlightenment of American park system planning and management. Chinese Landscape Architecture, 37(6), 82–86.
Yang, Z., Mao, P., He, Y. X., Ju, P. J., Huang, S. L., Feng, Y., Chen, H., & Wu, N. (2022). Hot topics and research trends on park city: Based on bibliometrics analysis. Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology, (04), 1084–1093. https://doi.org/10.19675/j.cnki.1006-687x.2021.12040
Zhang, J. G., Yu, Z. W., & Zhao, B. (2021). Impact of mechanism of urban green spaces in promoting public health: Theoretical framework and inspiration for practical experiences. Landscape Architecture Frontiers, 8(4), 104–113. https://doi.org/10.15302/J-LAF-1-030019
Zhang, Z. Y., Ma, G. Q., Lin, X., & Dai, H. Y. (2023). Accessibility in a multiple transport mode urban park based on the “D-D” model: A case study in park city, Chengdu. Cities, 134, 104191. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2023.104191
Zhao, L., Xu, N., & Zhang, W. (2021). Progress, hotspot and frontier of digital twin research in China: Knowledge atlas analysis based on CNKI core journal database. Experimental Technology and Management, 38(11), 96–104. https://doi.org/10.16791/j.cnki.sjg.2021.11.019
Zupic, I., & Cater, T. (2015). Bibliometric methods in management and organization. Organizational Research Methods, 18(3), 429–472. https://doi.org/10.1177/1094428114562629