Influence of selected features of forests on forest landscape aesthetic value – example of SE Poland
Abstract
The study was designed to examine the relationship between features of forests and the quality of forest landscapes, and to determine the strength of effect of the features in the aesthetic value of the landscape. The methodology applied to assess forest landscapes took into account the following features: forest site humidity, age of forest, terrain slope, site index of stands, species composition of the tree layer, under-story cover, colour and composition, mosaic-like, as well as horizontal structure of the tree stands. The study was conducted in temperate forests located in Central-Eastern Europe – more precisely – in south-eastern Poland. In the investigated area the dominating tree species are: Pinus sylvestris L., Abies alba Mill., Fagus sylvatica L. and Quercus L. They cover 42.2%, 20.8%, 20.4% and 6.5% of the total forest area, respectively. The findings show that nearly 1% of the area of the examined forests within the relevant territory are characterized with very high landscape value, over 67% with high, 31% with medium, and less than 0.5% with low landscape value. A strong relationship occurs between terrain slope vs. aesthetic quality of landscape as well as forest site humidity vs. aesthetic quality of landscape. Weak effect was observed for site index of stands vs. aesthetic quality of landscape, and moderate relationship was identified in the case of the remaining features. The findings show the strength of relationship between the features of forests and the aesthetic quality of landscapes, consequently providing a tool for forest managers to develop attractive forest landscapes in selected areas.
Keyword : landscape values, landscape management, aesthetic quality of landscape, temperate forests, tourism, recreation, suburban forests
How to Cite
Dudek, T. (2018). Influence of selected features of forests on forest landscape aesthetic value – example of SE Poland. Journal of Environmental Engineering and Landscape Management, 26(4), 275-284. https://doi.org/10.3846/jeelm.2018.6268
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
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Gustafson, E. J., Jay Roberts, L., & Leefers, L. A. (2006). Linking linear programming and spatial simulation models to predict landscape effects of forest management alternatives. Journal of Environmental Management, 81, 339-350. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2005.11.009
Haines-Young, R. (2009). Land use and biodiversity relationships. Land Use Policy, 26(S1), S178-S186. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2009.08.009
Halme, P., Allen, K. A., Auniņš, A., Bradshaw, R. H. W., Brūmelis, G., Čada, V., Clear, J. L., Eriksson, A., Hannon, G., Hyvärinen, E., Ikauniece, S., Iršėnaitė, R., Jonsson, B. G., Junninen, K., Kareksela, S., Komonen, A., Kotiaho, J. S., Kouki, J., Kuuluvainen, T., Mazziotta, A., Mönkkönen, M., Nyholm, K., Oldén, A., Shorohova, E., Strange, N., Toivanen, T., VanhaMajamaa, I., Wallenius, T., Ylisirniö, A., & Zin, E. (2013). Challenges of ecological restoration: lessons from forests in northern Europe. Biological Conservation, 167, 248-256. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2013.08.029
Hansson, K., Külvik, M., Bell, S., & Maikov, K. (2012). A preliminary assessment of preferences for Estonian natural forests. Baltic Forestry, 18, 299-315. Retrieved from https://www.balticforestry.mi.lt/bf/PDF_Articles/2012-18[2]/Hans-son_2012%2018(2)_299_315.pdf
Horne, P., Boxall, P. C., & Adamowicz, W. L. (2005). Multiple use management of forest recreation sites: a spatially explicit choice experiment. Forest Ecology and Management, 207, 189-199. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2004.10.026
Janeczko, E. (2012). Preferencje społeczne w zakresie kształtowania krajobrazu leśnego w sąsiedztwie dróg. Sylwan, 156, 12-18 (in Polish).
Jankovska, I., Straupe, I., Brumelis, G., Donis, J., & Kupfere, L. (2014). Urban forests of Riga, Latvia – pressures, naturalness, attitudes and management. Baltic Forestry, 20, 342-351. Retrieved from https://www.balticforestry.mi.lt/bf/PDF_Articles/2014-20[2]/Urban%20forests%20of%20Riga-Latvia-Pressures-Naturalness-Atitudes%20and%20management.pdf
Johnson, R. L., Brunson, M. W., & Kimura, T. (1994). Using image-capture technology to assess scenic value at the urban/forest interface: a case study. Journal of Environmental Management, 40, 183-195. https://doi.org/10.1006/jema.1994.1014
Kangas, J., Store, R., Leskinen, P., & Mehtätalo, L. (2000). Improving the quality of landscape ecological forest planning by utilising advanced decision-support tools. Forest Ecology and Management, 132, 157-171. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-1127(99)00221-2
Kikulski, J. (2006). Przydatność wybranych obszarów leśnych Bolimowskiego Parku Krajobrazowego do turystyki i rekreacji. Sylwan, 6, 40-49 (in Polish).
Knaapen, J. P., Scheffer, M., & Harms, B. (1992). Estimating habitat isolation in landscape planning. Landscape and Urban Planning, 23, 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1016/0169-2046(92)90060-D
Lorz, C., Fürst, C., Galic, Z., Matijasic, D., Podrazky, V., Potocic, N., Simoncic, P., Strauch, M., Vacik, H., & Makeschin, F. (2010). GIS-based probability assessment of natural hazards in forested landscapes of central and South-Eastern Europe. Environmental Management, 46, 920-930. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-010-9508-0
Martin, P. A., Newton, A. C., Cantarello, E., & Evans, P. (2015). Stand dieback and collapse in a temperate forest and its impact on forest structure and biodiversity. Forest Ecology and Management, 358, 130-138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2015.08.033
Mederski, P. S., Jakubowski, M., & Karaszewski, Z. (2009). The Polish landscape changing due to forest policy and forest management. iForest - Biogeosciences and Forestry, 2, 140-142. https://doi.org/10.3832/ifor0503-002
Nicholls, P. H. (1972). On the evolution of a forest landscape. Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers, 56, 57-76. https://doi.org/10.2307/621542
Paletto, A., Ferretti, F., Cantiani, P., & De Meo, I. (2012). Multifunctional approach in forest landscape management planning: an application in Southern Italy. Forest Systems, 21, 68-80. https://doi.org/10.5424/fs/2112211-11066
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